舉個例子來看：

Consider a domestic company that imports specialty European steel not produced in the United States. Thanks to the tariffs, this company faces an instant 25 percent price increase. It will shift some of that cost onto its customers, making the final product more costly and thus less competitive at home and globally. Or the company might shift manufacturing abroad to gain access to cheaper materials.

設想一個美國公司主要進口歐洲特產(chǎn)的鋼鐵，這種鋼鐵在美國是沒有的。由于關(guān)稅增加，這家公司馬上要面臨25%的價格上調(diào)。這一費用的一部分就轉(zhuǎn)移到了消費者身上。這樣做的結(jié)果就是，最終的成品價格更高，無論是在國內(nèi)還是國際市場，產(chǎn)品的競爭力都有所下降。公司也有可能把生產(chǎn)部門轉(zhuǎn)移到國外以便獲得更便宜的生產(chǎn)材料。

In both cases, the company probably takes a hit and might even lay off American workers. That’s what happened in the aftermath of President George W. Bush’s 2002 tariffs to the tune of 200,000 jobs lost in steel-consuming industries.

無論是哪種情況，公司都有可能遭受打擊，甚至進行裁員。小布什2002年發(fā)布關(guān)稅政策之后，就出現(xiàn)了這樣的災難，鋼鐵消耗行業(yè)失去了高達20萬的工作崗位。