Bu Zhu Xiaoqi

朱曉琦

The Japanese government recently approved the supplementary budget of FY2025, which granted an additional 847.2 billion yen ($5.4 billion) for its Ministry of Defense. Combined with relevant funding and the initial budget, Japan's total defense spending of the current fiscal year has reached a record high of 11 trillion yen, which has correspondingly increased to 2% of its GDP. Dominated by its Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi, Japan is accelerating its military expansion.

日本政府日前批準(zhǔn)2025財(cái)年補(bǔ)充預(yù)算案，防衛(wèi)省再獲8472億日元撥款。疊加相關(guān)經(jīng)費(fèi)及初始預(yù)算，本財(cái)年日本防衛(wèi)開(kāi)支總額已達(dá)創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的11萬(wàn)億日元，占國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值（GDP）比例已提升到2%。在首相高市早苗主導(dǎo)下，日本軍備擴(kuò)張正在加速推進(jìn)。

Among the supplementary budget, around a quarter will be used to improve the welfare of the Japan Self-Defense Forces (JSDF) personnel and maintain military facilities to mitigate the increasingly severe challenge in recruitment. The remaining three quarters will be invested in enhancing its military power development, purchasing frigates, submarines, missiles and other equipment to promote its warfighting capabilities on the one hand, and facilitating the maintenance and preparation of relevant US installations on the other hand.

補(bǔ)充預(yù)算中，約四分之一用于改善自衛(wèi)隊(duì)人員待遇和維護(hù)設(shè)施，旨在緩解日益嚴(yán)峻的兵員招募困境。而高達(dá)四分之三的份額則用于強(qiáng)化武力建設(shè)：一方面，購(gòu)置護(hù)衛(wèi)艦、潛艇、導(dǎo)彈等裝備，提升作戰(zhàn)能力；另一方面，推進(jìn)美軍相關(guān)設(shè)施的修建和整備。

In 1976, the cabinet of former Prime Minister Takeo Miki decided to cap Japan's defense spending at no more than 1% of GDP based on the principles of Japan's pacifist Constitution. The red line of 1% of GDP has been adhered to by subsequent cabinets as a convention for many years. In recent years, however, the right-wing politicians in Japan have been hyping the "serious security environment" as an excuse to break free from related constraints. In 2022, Fumio Kishida's cabinet exceeded the 1% ceiling when compiling the budget for the FY2023, and planned to increase it to more than 2% of GDP in five years. Japan's "three security documents" passed in the same year explicitly defined the target of an increase to 2% of GDP in FY2027.

基于“和平憲法”的精神，1976年，三木武夫內(nèi)閣提出了“防衛(wèi)費(fèi)不超過(guò)GDP的1%”的上限。此后多年，1%這一紅線成為歷屆內(nèi)閣遵循的慣例。然而，近年來(lái)，日本右翼政客不斷渲染“嚴(yán)峻安保環(huán)境”，以此為突破限制制造借口。2022年，岸田文雄內(nèi)閣在編列2023財(cái)年預(yù)算時(shí)突破了1%的限制，并計(jì)劃在5年內(nèi)提至2%以上。同年通過(guò)的新“安保三文件”更明確設(shè)定了2027財(cái)年達(dá)到2%的目標(biāo)。

This supplementary budget has enabled Japan to achieve a "thirteenth consecutive increase" in  defense spending, and reach the original 2% target two years ahead of schedule. From FY 2023 to FY 2025, Japan's defense spending has leaped from 1.19 % of GDP to 2%, making its defense spending reach the military expenditure standards of NATO states. The JDSF is accelerating the transformation into a "military force" with extensive warfighting capabilities, representing a trend completely deviating from the principles of its pacifist Constitution.

此次補(bǔ)充預(yù)算不僅使日本防衛(wèi)費(fèi)實(shí)現(xiàn)“十三連增”，更將原定2%目標(biāo)提前兩年達(dá)成。從2023財(cái)年到2025財(cái)年，其防衛(wèi)費(fèi)占比由1.19%急速躍升至2%。這標(biāo)志著日本防衛(wèi)支出已達(dá)到北約國(guó)家軍費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，其自衛(wèi)隊(duì)正加速向擁有廣泛作戰(zhàn)能力的“軍隊(duì)”轉(zhuǎn)變，這一趨勢(shì)是對(duì)“和平憲法”精神的徹底背離。

Since taking office as Japan's Prime Minister, Sanae Takaichi has made every effort to ease the restrictions on its military. In addition to codifying the objective of abolishing the relevant provisions of the Three Principles on Transfer of Defense Equipment and Technology during the regular session of the Diet in 2026 into the coalition agreement with the Japan Innovation Party (JIP), the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) has launched discussions on possible revisions of the Three Non-Nuclear Principles. At the same time, the LDP and JIP have reached a consensus on advancing the constitutional amendment process, attempting to completely break free from the constraints of the pacifist Constitution.

高市早苗出任首相后，極力推動(dòng)軍事松綁。自民黨不僅在與日本維新會(huì)的聯(lián)合執(zhí)政協(xié)議中明確寫入2026年國(guó)會(huì)例會(huì)期間廢除“防衛(wèi)裝備轉(zhuǎn)移三原則”相關(guān)規(guī)定的目標(biāo)，更已啟動(dòng)討論修改“無(wú)核三原則”的可能性。同時(shí)，自民黨和日本維新會(huì)就推進(jìn)修憲程序達(dá)成共識(shí)，圖謀徹底擺脫“和平憲法”束縛。

At the historical juncture marking the 80th anniversary of the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War, the Japanese authorities, turning a blind eye to historical lessons, have continuously broken the tether of the pacifist Constitution, signaling the comeback of militarism. Japan's dangerous moves of accelerating its military expansion and war preparation directly challenge the post-war international order and undermine regional peace and stability. Only by deeply reflecting on its history of aggression and abiding by the pacifist Constitution can Japan win the trust of its Asian neighbors and the international community and achieve true peace and security. Should the Japanese side refuse to correct its course and stray even farther down the wrong path, it will surely pay a heavy price and cannot escape the reckoning of history and justice.

在世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)勝利80周年的重要?dú)v史節(jié)點(diǎn)，日本當(dāng)局罔顧歷史教訓(xùn)，持續(xù)突破“和平憲法”框架，軍國(guó)主義大有卷土重來(lái)之勢(shì)。其加速擴(kuò)軍備戰(zhàn)的危險(xiǎn)行徑，嚴(yán)重挑戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)后國(guó)際秩序，破壞地區(qū)和平穩(wěn)定。日方唯有深刻反省侵略歷史，恪守“和平憲法”，方能取信于亞洲鄰國(guó)和國(guó)際社會(huì)，實(shí)現(xiàn)真正的和平與安全。日方若執(zhí)迷不悟，一意孤行，必將付出沉重代價(jià)，難逃歷史和正義的清算。